The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important bridge in the switch
from extracellular signals to intracellular responses. Alterations of signaling cascades are …

The p38 MAPK pathway is well known for its role in transducing stress signals from the
environment. Many key players and regulatory mechanisms of this signaling cascade have …

It has been proposed that a chronic state of inflammation correlated with aging known as
inflammaging, is implicated in multiple disease states commonly observed in the elderly …

Ninety-seven percent of drug-indication pairs that are tested in clinical trials in oncology
never advance to receive US Food and Drug Administration approval. While lack of efficacy …

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family
members integrate signals that affect proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration in a …

Background Breast cancer angiogenesis is key for metastasis and predicts a poor
prognosis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as a member of the renin-angiotensin …

Deregulation of angiogenesis–the growth of new blood vessels from an existing vasculature–
is a main driving force in many severe human diseases including cancer. As such, tumor …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family is an important bridge in the
transduction of extracellular and intracellular signals in different responses at the cellular …

By gating the traffic of molecules and cells across the vessel wall, endothelial cells play a
central role in regulating cardiovascular functions and systemic homeostasis and in …

More than two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers are
facing an emergency within an emergency, the so-called long COVID or post-COVID-19 …