The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate, propionate and acetate are microbial
metabolites and their availability in the gut and other organs is determined by environmental …

The trillions of microorganisms in the human intestine are important regulators of health, and
disruptions in the gut microbial communities can cause disease. The gut, liver and immune …

Increasing evidence points to a pivotal role of immune processes in the pathogenesis of
Alzheimer disease, which is the most prevalent neurodegenerative and dementia-causing …

The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast
genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every …

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, results in a
sustained decline in cognition. There are currently few effective disease modifying therapies …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is vital for maintaining brain homeostasis by enabling an
exquisite control of exchange of compounds between the blood and the brain parenchyma …

Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the
gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough …

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the
gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant …

Immune tolerance deletes or suppresses autoreactive lymphocytes and is established at
multiple levels during the development, activation and effector phases of T and B cells …

Preclinical evidence has firmly established bidirectional interactions among the brain, the
gut, and the gut microbiome. Candidate signaling molecules and at least three …