The skin is a barrier between the internal and external environment of an organism.
Depending on the species, it participates in multiple functions. The skin is the organ that …

Dermatoses caused by marine organisms are frequently seen in dermatology clinics
worldwide. Cutaneous injuries after exposure to marine environments include bacterial and …

Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable and
informative reference for the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to …

The pet trade is known to be one of the most important pathways of aquatic non-native
species introduction and Indonesia is a significant trade partner. Popular ornamental South …

In contrast to the bony fishes, particularly the teleosts, the integument of elasmobranchs is
rather unknown. Therefore, a description of the basic structural and functional features of …

Europe presents a high number of venomous and poisonous animals able to elicit medically
relevant symptoms in humans. However, since most of the accidents involving venomous or …

Materials and methods To describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, presenting
manifestations, and any new strategies in the management and prevention of stingray …

Freshwater stingrays (Potamotrygon motoro) are known to cause human accidents through
a sting located in its tail. In the State of Goiás, this accident happens especially during the …

Stingrays are a group of rays–cartilaginous fish related to sharks–that have whiplike tails
with barbed, usually venomous spines and are found around the world, especially the …

Stingrays are elasmobranchs found along the seacoast and in some rivers of Brazil. Pain is
the most conspicuous symptom observed in patients wounded by the bilaterally retroserrate …