Though epidemiology dates back to the 1700s, most mathematical representations of
epidemics still use transmission rates averaged at the population scale, especially for …

Environmentally transmitted diseases are comparatively poorly understood and managed,
and their ecology is particularly understudied. Here we identify challenges of studying …

Pathogen spillover from wildlife to domestic animals and humans, and the reverse, has
caused significant epidemics and pandemics worldwide. Although pathogen emergence …

Coevolutionary antagonism generates relentless selection that can favour genetic
exchange, including transfer of antibiotic synthesis and resistance genes among bacteria …

Many disease ecologists and conservation biologists believe that the world is wormier than it
used to be—that is, that parasites are increasing in abundance through time. This argument …

Disease outbreaks are a consequence of interactions among the three components of a host–
parasite system: the infectious agent, the host and the environment. While virulence and …

Biodiversity loss may increase the risk of infectious disease in a phenomenon known as the
dilution effect. Circumstances that increase the likelihood of disease dilution are:(i) when …

Multi-host infectious agents challenge our abilities to understand, predict and manage
disease dynamics. Within this, many infectious agents are also able to use, simultaneously …

Host contact structure affects pathogen transmission in host populations, but many
measures of host contact do not distinguish contacts that are relevant to pathogen …

The ongoing explosion of fine‐resolution movement data in animal systems provides a
unique opportunity to empirically quantify spatial, temporal and individual variation in …