Marine biofouling has negatively affected human sailing since ancient times. Traditional
antifouling coatings were banned worldwide in 2003 due to their toxicity towards nontarget …

The ship** industry is vital to global trade. Unfortunately, this industry is negatively
impacted on a large scale by biofouling, a process whereby unwanted organisms …

Marine biofouling seriously affects human marine exploitation and transportation activities,
to which marine antifouling (AF) coatings are considered to be the most cost-effective …

Diatoms are unicellular algae playing a key role as photosynthetic organisms in the world's
ocean food webs. The chemical ecology of planktonic diatoms is well documented, but few …

3D printing has become widely used to rapidly prototype and manufacture novel or bespoke
objects or replacement components in a wide range of marine industries, engineering, and …

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) have gained attention as a promising alternative to
conventional energy sources. However, their installation and operation may have multiple …

Ocean acidification (OA) can negatively affect early-life stages of marine organisms, with the
key processes of larval settlement and metamorphosis potentially vulnerable to reduced …

In the context of increasing demand for environmental recovery, aquatic systems may face
the challenge of evolving under oligotrophication. This is the case in Mediterranean …

Marine biofilms are diverse microbial communities and important ecological habitats forming
on surfaces submerged in the ocean. Biofilm communities resist environmental disturbance …

Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and
community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species …