The human gut harbors diverse microbes that play a fundamental role in the well-being of
their host. The constituents of the microbiota—bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotes—have been …

Interest in the role of the microbiome in human health has burgeoned over the past decade
with the advent of new technologies for interrogating complex microbial communities. The …

The skin is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that is inhabited by bacteria, archaea, fungi
and viruses. These microbes—collectively referred to as the skin microbiota—are …

Ancient Egyptians believed cancer to be a curse, as seen from evidence as old as 3000 BC
from the Edwin Smith Papyrus which described breast cancer and Ebers Papyrus dated …

Tuberculosis caused 20% of all human deaths in the Western world between the
seventeenth and nineteenth centuries and remains a cause of high mortality in develo** …

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is present in roughly 50% of the human population worldwide
and infection levels reach over 70% in develo** countries. The infection has classically …

Immune responses to pathogens are complex and not well understood in many diseases,
and this is especially true for infections by persistent pathogens. One mechanism that allows …

Little was known about the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiota, until
recently, because of difficulties in obtaining sufficient sequence information from enough …

Resident microbiota do not just shape host immunity, they can also contribute to host
protection against pathogens and infectious diseases. Previous reviews of the protective …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is an extremely
successful pathogen that adapts to survive within the host. During the latency phase of …