Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the leading cause of death worldwide, posing a
significant global health challenge. Consequently, the development of innovative …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural particles secreted by living cells, which hold
significant potential for various therapeutic applications. Native EVs have specific …

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the world. Astrocytes are special glial
cells within the central nervous system and play important roles in mediating …

Exosomes are nanosized, lipid membrane vesicles secreted by cells, facilitating intercellular
communication by transferring their cargo from parent to recipient cells. This capability …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minute sacs released by cells into the extracellular milieu,
harboring an array of biomolecules including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Notably, a …

Exosomes (Exos), natural nanovesicles released by various cell types, show potential as an
effective drug delivery platform due to their intrinsic role as transporters of biomolecules …

Chemotherapy is an important therapeutic approach for malignant tumors for it triggers
apoptosis of cancer cells. However, chemotherapy also induces senescence of stromal cells …

Plant‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic agents owing to their
natural abundance, accessibility, and unique biological properties. This review provides a …

Liver fibrosis, a chronic and long-term disease, can develop into hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) and ultimately lead to liver failure. Early diagnosis and effective treatment still face …

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are nanometer-sized vesicles
enclosed by lipid membranes, are secreted by most cells and contain lipids, proteins, and …