Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to tumor progression, cancer cell
invasion, and therapy resistance. EMT is regulated by transcription factors such as the …

Breast cancer metastasis accounts for the majority of deaths from breast cancer. Detection of
breast cancer metastasis at the earliest stage is important for the management and …

Recent studies identified a poor-prognosis stem/serrated/mesenchymal (SSM)
transcriptional subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC). We noted that genes upregulated in this …

Like normal stem cells, tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) are regulated extrinsically within the
tumor microenvironment. Because HCC develops primarily in the context of cirrhosis, in …

Fibroblasts are the most abundant “non-cancerous” cells in tumors. However, it remains
largely unknown how these cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumor growth and …

Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular pathways that govern the
association of inflammation with organ fibrosis and cancer point to the epithelial to …

Tissue integrity is maintained by the stroma in physiology. In cancer, however, tissue
invasion is driven by the stroma. Myofibroblasts and cancer‐associated fibroblasts are …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes the differentiation switch between
polarized epithelial cells and contractile and motile mesenchymal cells, and facilitates cell …

Prognostication is an integral part of cancer diagnostic and helps oncologists to guide
treatment decisions and therapy intensity. Accumulating evidence suggest that the stroma …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a secreted polypeptide that signals via receptor
serine/threonine kinases and intracellular Smad effectors. TGF-β inhibits proliferation and …