In living organisms, biofilms are defined as complex communities of bacteria residing within
an exopolysaccharide matrix that adheres to a surface. In the clinic, they are typically the …

Bacterial biofilms are complex surface attached communities of bacteria held together by
self-produced polymer matrixs mainly composed of polysaccharides, secreted proteins, and …

In the aquatic environment, microplastic (MP;< 5 mm) is a cause of concern because of its
persistence and potential adverse effects on biota. Studies of microlitter impacts are mostly …

Microplastic (MPs) pollution has become a global environmental concern with significant
impacts on ecosystems and human health. Although MPs have been widely detected in …

The formation of multicellular microbial communities, called biofilms, starts from the
adhesion of a few planktonic cells to the surface. The transition from a free-living planktonic …

Biofilm formation in living organisms is associated to tissue and implant infections, and it has
also been linked to the contribution of antibiotic resistance. Thus, understanding biofilm …

The pollution of plastic waste has become an increasingly serious environmental crisis.
Recently, plastic has been detected in various kinds of environments, even in human …

Infections are one of the main reasons for removal of implants from patients, and usually
need difficult and expensive treatments. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus …

Microplastics (MPs) in natural environment are derived from various discharge processes
and undergo a series of aging that is influenced by different factors. This paper first …

In aquatic ecosystems, microplastics are a relatively new anthropogenic substrate that can
readily be colonized by biofilm‐forming organisms. To examine the effects of substrate type …