It is self-evident that the coarse-grained view of transcription and protein translation is a
result of certain computations. Although there is no single definition of the term …

Cellular Automata are discrete computational models that rely on local rules. The main focus
of this paper is to build a model of proteins based on simple and local rules of a cellular …

The design of a protein folding approximation algorithm is not straightforward even when a
simplified model is used. The folding problem is a combinatorial problem, where …

In this paper we propose a new method of digital audio watermarking based on two
dimensional cellular automata; the method increases the dimension of the audio and uses …

Processes of protein creation touches different aspects of science including, chemistry,
biology, physics, math, and computer science. Moving from DNA to a functional protein in …

Digital audio scrambling is a process used in audio security applications. Scrambling of
audio files breaks the correlation between adjacent samples in order to convert the original …