Flying insects are able to fly smartly in an unpredictable environment. It has been found that
flying insects have smart neurons inside their tiny brains that are sensitive to visual motion …

Here, we review the role of control theory in modeling neural control systems through a top-
down analysis approach. Specifically, we examine the role of the brain and central nervous …

Simple Summary The study of the neurobiological basis of spatial cognition has been
demonstrated to be one of the most exciting, successful, and productive research fields in …

Organisms face the cognitive challenge of making decisions based on imperfect information.
Predators and prey, in particular, are confronted with ambiguous stimuli when foraging and …

The term “active sensing” has been defined in multiple ways. Most strictly, the term refers to
sensing that uses self-generated energy to sample the environment (eg, echolocation). More …

Living organisms routinely navigate their surroundings in search of better conditions, more
food, or to avoid predators. Typically, animals do so by integrating sensory cues from the …

Traditionally, the exogenous control of gaze by external saliencies and the endogenous
control of gaze by knowledge and context have been viewed as competing systems, with …

The neural computations underlying sensory-guided behaviors can best be understood in
view of the sensory stimuli to be processed under natural conditions. This input is often …

Across the lifespan, humans are biased to look first at what is easy to see, with a handful of
well-documented visual saliences sha** our attention (eg, Itti & Koch, 2001). These …

An important unresolved question about neural processing is the mechanism by which
distant brain areas coordinate their activities and relate their local processing to global …