Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are significant transboundary zoonotic pathogens that
concern both animal and human. Since the first report of H5N1 AIV in Bangladesh in early …

Waterfowl are considered to be natural reservoirs of the avian influenza virus (AIV).
However, the dynamics of transmission and evolutionary patterns of AIV and its subtypes …

Avian influenza virus (AIV) is of major concern to livestock, wildlife, and human health. In
many countries in the world, including Bangladesh, AIV is endemic in poultry, requiring …

High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks pose a significant threat to the
health of livestock, wildlife, and humans. Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are enzootic in …

Develo** nations like Bangladesh are particularly vulnerable to poultry diseases, notably
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. Adopting biosecurity approaches that assist farms in …

Live bird markets (LBMs) are critical for poultry trade in many develo** countries that are
regarded as hotspots for the prevalence and contamination of avian influenza viruses (AIV) …

Background/Objectives: The ongoing avian influenza (H5N1) outbreak, one of the most
widespread and persistent in recent history, has significantly impacted public health and the …

Rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens is of utmost importance in interrupting the
transmission chain of infectious diseases. In recent years, this has proven to be vital during …

ABSTRACT We characterized 15 H5N1 HPAI viruses from different small-and medium-scale
poultry flocks across Bangladesh during 2018–2021 based on their complete genome …

A large literature has investigated the stability of the synchronous solution over a chaotic or
periodic time evolution, for an arbitrary network of coupled oscillators. Delays may affect the …