Many important applications trigger bulk bitwise operations, ie, bitwise operations on large
bit vectors. In fact, recent works design techniques that exploit fast bulk bitwise operations to …

This retrospective paper describes the RowHammer problem in dynamic random access
memory (DRAM), which was initially introduced by Kim et al. at the ISCA 2014 Conference …

The RowHammer vulnerability in DRAM is a critical threat to system security. To protect
against RowHammer, vendors commit to security-through-obscurity: modern DRAM chips …

Is your memory hierarchy stop** your microprocessor from performing at the high level it
should be? Memory Systems: Cache, DRAM, Disk shows you how to resolve this problem …

DRAM cells store data in the form of charge on a capacitor. This charge leaks off over time,
eventually causing data to be lost. To prevent this data loss from occurring, DRAM cells must …

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are commonly used in cryptography to identify
devices based on the uniqueness of their physical microstructures. DRAM-based PUFs have …

As memory scales down to smaller technology nodes, new failure mechanisms emerge that
threaten its correct operation. If such failure mechanisms are not anticipated and corrected …

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the security vulnerability known as
rowhammer in Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM). While DRAM offers many …

In current systems, memory accesses to a DRAM chip must obey a set of minimum latency
restrictions specified in the DRAM standard. Such timing parameters exist to guarantee …

Multirate refresh techniques exploit the non-uniformity in retention times of DRAM cells to
reduce the DRAM refresh overheads. Such techniques rely on accurate profiling of retention …