Abstract Organs-on-chips (OoCs), also known as microphysiological systems or 'tissue
chips'(the terms are synonymous), have attracted substantial interest in recent years owing …

Cell culture is an important and necessary process in drug discovery, cancer research, as
well as stem cell study. Most cells are currently cultured using two-dimensional (2D) …

Hydrogels are attractive materials for tissue engineering, but efforts to date have shown
limited ability to produce the microstructural features necessary to promote cellular self …

Based on engineered or bacterial nucleases, the development of genome editing
technologies has opened up the possibility of directly targeting and modifying genomic …

Cardiomyocytes (CMs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are functionally
immature, but this is improved by incorporation into engineered tissues or forced contraction …

Cellular models are needed to study human development and disease in vitro, and to
screen drugs for toxicity and efficacy. Current approaches are limited in the engineering of …

Clustered regularly interspersed short pallindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR
associated proteins (Cas) system (CRISPR-Cas) came into light as prokaryotic defence …

One of the problems that has slowed the development and approval of new anticancer
therapies is the lack of preclinical models that can be used to identify key molecular, cellular …

Predicting the effects of drugs before human clinical trials is at the heart of drug screening
and discovery processes. The cost of drug discovery is steadily increasing owing to the …

Environmental factors are the largest contributors to cardiovascular disease. Here we show
that cardiac organoids that incorporate an oxygen-diffusion gradient and that are stimulated …