Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that arises from an imbalance in lipid
metabolism and a maladaptive immune response driven by the accumulation of cholesterol …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, both in the general
population and among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In most cases, the …

Macrophages play a central role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease (ASCVD), which encompasses coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease …

The remarkable plasticity and plethora of biological functions performed by macrophages
have enticed scientists to study these cells in relation to atherosclerosis for> 50 years, and …

Neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) are highly specialized for their
primary function, the phagocytosis and destruction of microorganisms. When coated with …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall where both innate and adaptive
immunoinflammatory mechanisms are involved. Inflammation is central at all stages of …

Atherosclerosis is a multifocal, smoldering, immunoinflammatory disease of medium-sized
and large arteries fuelled by lipids. Endothelial cells, leukocytes, and intimal smooth muscle …

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the wall of large-and medium-sized arteries
that is precipitated by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the …

A key event in atherosclerosis is a maladaptive inflammatory response to subendothelial
lipoproteins. A crucial aspect of this response is a failure to resolve inflammation, which …

The lymphatic system is comprised of a network of vessels interrelated with lymphoid tissue,
which has the holistic function to maintain the local physiologic environment for every cell in …