Fossil records are replete with examples of long-term biotic responses to past climate
change. One particularly useful set of records are those preserved in lake and marine …

Lakes systems respond physically, chemically and biologically to changes in climate and
these responses are registered in many various ways in lake sediment records. This paper …

This text, written by a leading researcher in the field, describes the origin and formation of
lakes in order to give context to the question of how lacustrine deposits form. It explains the …

The importance of reconstructing past environments quantitatively in palaeoecology is
reviewed by showing that many ecological questions asked of palaeoecological data …

Among insects, the chitinous larval remains of the order Diptera (true flies) are most
abundant in lake sediments, and thus have proven to be especially useful in palaeoenviron …

Non-biting midges (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) are now widely recognised as powerful
biological proxies for inferring past climatic change. In this paper the response of chironomid …

Fossils of chironomid larvae (non‐biting midges) preserved in lake sediments are well‐
established palaeotemperature indicators which, with the aid of numerical chironomid …

We present a method to test the statistical significance of a quantitative palaeoenvironmental
reconstruction inferred from biotic assemblages with a transfer function. A reconstruction is …

A macrofossil can be considered as a fossil that is large enough to be seen by the naked
eye, and that can be manipulated by hand, usually with the aid of a brush or fine forceps …

Criteria for removing training set lakes and taxa in chironomid‐based inference models, due
to low abundances, have largely been ad hoc. We used an anoxia inference model and a …