Differential gene expression mechanisms ensure cellular differentiation and plasticity to
shape ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversity of cell types. A key regulator of differential …

Spatiotemporal gene expression programmes are orchestrated by transcriptional
enhancers, which are key regulatory DNA elements that engage in physical contacts with …

Transcription in several organisms from certain bacteria to humans has been observed to be
stochastic in nature: toggling between active and inactive states. Periods of active nascent …

The mammalian genome harbors up to one million regulatory elements often located at
great distances from their target genes. Long-range elements control genes through …

To accommodate genomes in the limited space of the cell nucleus and ensure the correct
execution of gene expression programs, genomes are packaged in complex fashion in the …

The Mediator complex is a multi-subunit assembly that appears to be required for regulating
expression of most RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcripts, which include protein-coding and …

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to model proteins that diffuse to DNA, bind, and
dissociate; in the absence of any explicit interaction between proteins, or between …

Three-dimensional topology of DNA in the cell nucleus provides a level of transcription
regulation beyond the sequence of the linear DNA. To study the relationship between the …

All eukaryotic cells contain four RNA polymerases originally defined by their sensitivity to
different drugs, and now by the sets of genes they transcribe. 1− 4 Polymerase I produces …

Transcription of coregulated genes occurs in the context of long-range chromosomal
contacts that form multigene complexes. Such contacts and transcription are lost in knockout …