Arguably, the most difficult part of learning is deciding what to learn about. Should I
associate the positive outcome of safely completing a street-crossing with the situation 'the …

Most research in cognitive neuroscience explores how external stimuli are processed by the
brain. However, the brain also receives input from the internal body. We discuss here how …

Information that is congruent with existing knowledge (a schema) is usually better
remembered than less congruent information. Only recently, however, has the role of …

Evoked potentials provide valuable insight into brain processes that are integral to our ability
to interact effectively and efficiently in the world. The mismatch negativity (MMN) component …

The empirical and theoretical development of the P300 event-related brain potential (ERP)
is reviewed by considering factors that contribute to its amplitude, latency, and general …

Evidence is presented that EEG oscillations in the alpha and theta band reflect cognitive and
memory performance in particular. Good performance is related to two types of EEG …

The faces we encounter throughout our lives make different impressions on us: Some are
remembered at first glance, while others are forgotten. Previous work has found that the …

In the present article, the basic research using the mismatch negativity (MMN) and
analogous results obtained by using the magnetoencephalography (MEG) and other brain …

In this article we develop the concept that the hippocampus and the midbrain dopaminergic
neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) form a functional loop. Activation of the loop …

Creating a healthy, social classroom environment. This book explains how the brain, as a
social organism, learns best throughout the lifespan, from our early schooling through late …