Sulfur and nitrogen mustards, bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide and tertiary bis (2-chloroethyl)
amines, respectively, are vesicant warfare agents with alkylating activity. Moreover …

Introduction: This review presents the current in vitro and in vivo animal and human research
on the roles of IL-8 in ocular inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods: Data sources …

Ever since it was first used in armed conflict, mustard gas (sulfur mustard, MG) has been
known to cause a wide range of acute and chronic injuries to exposure victims. The earliest …

Importance The prevalence and severity of long-term health complications after exposure to
sulfur mustard are unknown. Objective To investigate the long-term health outcomes among …

Sulfur mustard gas (SM) is a vesicating and alkylating agent used as a chemical weapon in
many mass-casualty incidents since World War I. Ocular injuries were reported in> 90% of …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that has been used throughout recent
history and remains a threat today. Exposed soldiers and civilians experience a variety of …

Sulfur mustard (SM) ocular exposure severely damages the cornea and causes vision
impairment. At present, no specific therapy exists to mitigate SM-induced corneal injury and …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a blistering chemical warfare agent that was used during the World
War I and in the Iraq–Iran conflict. The aim of this paper is to discuss and critically review the …

The cornea, the clear window at the front of the eye, transmits light to the retina to enable
vision. The corneal surface is renewed by stem cells located at the peripheral limbal region …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent (CWA) that causes severe eye pain,
photophobia, excessive lacrimation, corneal and ocular surface defects, and blindness …