Repeated, episodic bouts of skeletal muscle contraction undertaken frequently as structured
exercise training are a potent stimulus for physiological adaptation in many organs …

In elite sport, where opponents are evenly matched, small factors can determine the
outcome of sporting contests. Not all athletes know the value of making wise nutrition …

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is characterized by symptoms that present both
immediately and for up to 14 days after the initial exercise bout. The main consequence of …

Antioxidant supplementation, including vitamin E and C supplementation, has recently
received recognition among athletes as a possible method for enhancing athletic …

Oxidative stress is a status of imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, resulting in
molecular damage and interruption of redox signaling in an organism. Indeed, oxidative …

Antioxidant supplements are commonly consumed by endurance athletes to minimize
exercise-induced oxidative stress, with the intention of enhancing recovery and improving …

It is becoming increasingly clear that adaptations, initiated by exercise, can be amplified or
reduced by nutrition. Various methods have been discussed to optimize training adaptations …

Key points Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) regulate exercise‐induced
nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NFE2L2) expression in skeletal muscle. NFE2L2 …

Despite over 50 years of research, the field of sports nutrition continues to grow at a rapid
rate. Whilst the traditional research focus was one that centred on strategies to maximise …

A popular belief is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)
produced during exercise by the mitochondria and other subcellular compartments …