Abstract The North Sea is a key area worldwide for the installation of offshore wind farms
(OWFs). We analysed data from multiple sources to quantify the effects of OWFs on seabirds …

Installation of offshore wind farms (OWFs) is becoming increasingly important to ensure a
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions; however, OWFs also pose a threat to migrating …

Marine monitoring efforts are increasingly supported by opportunistic shipboard surveys.
However, opportunistic survey methods often require adaptation to suit the vessel and the …

EU member countries and the UK are currently installing numerous offshore windfarms
(OWFs) in the Baltic and North Seas to achieve decarbonization of their energy systems …

We present an integrative statistical approach for estimating the current conditions of marine-
bird habitats affected by human activities. We first estimated the influence of multiple human …

Governments are under increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and
large-scale wind farms are being developed in marine environments worldwide. However …

Seabirds are important sentinels of climate and ecosystem change, but many breeding
populations are difficult to monitor because of the remoteness and inaccessibility of their …

Effective protection of highly mobile and data-poor species constitutes a great challenge
amid growing ocean exploitation and use. Blue whales and bowhead whales in the North …

Abstract Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are an important EU legislative tool to protect
species biodiversity. Red-throated loons Gavia stellata and black-throated loons G. arctica …

Offshore marine engineering, offshore aquaculture, and offshore environmental protection
require periodic offshore surveys. At present, the main means of offshore marine surveys are …