The fundamentals and state of the art in fractional-N phase-locked-loop (PLL)-based
frequency synthesis are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on delta-sigma fractional-N …

Performing RF amplification in a way that is simultaneously linear and efficient has long
been a challenge in power amplifier (PA) design. In short, single-transistor PAs can either be …

This paper presents a low-power high-bit-rate phase modulator based on a digital PLL with
single-bit TDC and two-point injection scheme. At high bit rates, this scheme requires a …

This paper presents the design of a digital PLL which uses a high-resolution time-to-digital
converter (TDC) for wide loop bandwidth. The TDC uses a time amplification technique to …

In this paper, a generic combiner design technique is developed for class-E outphasing
transmitters. The design procedure starts with calculation of the combiner network …

Conventional outphasing power amplifier systems require both a radio frequency (RF)
carrier input and a separate baseband input to synthesize a modulated RF output. This work …

A digital outphasing transmitter is presented for 2.4-GHz WiFi. The transmitter consists of two
delay-based phase modulators and a 26-dBm integrated switching class-D power amplifier …

A 2.4 GHz outphasing power amplifier (PA) is implemented in a 32 nm CMOS process. An
inverter-based class-D PA topology is utilized to obtain low output impedance and good …

Two new millimeter-wave digitally controlled oscillators (DCOs) that achieve a tuning range>
10% and fine frequency resolution 1 MHz simultaneously are described. Switched metal …

A transformer-combined fully integrated outphasing class-D PA in 45 nm LP CMOS achieves
31.5 dBm peak output power at 2.4 GHz with 27% peak PAE, and supports over 86 dB of …