Background Culex pipiens is the vector of a large number of pathogens in humans. Use of
insecticides to deal with this vector is the most important way to controlling it. However, in …

Background Control of the mosquito vector Culex pipiens with insecticides is the main way
to control arboviruses that the species can transmit such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Rift …

Although the generation of evolutionary diversity by gene duplication has long been known,
the implications for pesticide resistance are just now beginning to be appreciated. A few …

Abstract Background Mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex, competent vectors for West
Nile virus (WNV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) are widely targeted by insecticide …

A previous study identified 3 nonsynonymous and 6 synonymous mutations in the entire
mosquito sodium channel of Culex quinquefasciatus, the prevalence of which were strongly …

Background and objectives: Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (NaV),
known as kdr mutations, are associated with pyrethroid and DDT insecticide resistance in a …

Culex quinquefasciatus is a widely spread mosquito species that poses a significant public
health threat in many countries. This insect vector is present in the United Arab Emirates …

Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes are widely distributed throughout China and are known
to be important disease vectors. Two pyrethroid resistance associated mutations have been …

Culex quinquefasciatus is one of the most important mosquito vectors of arboviruses.
Currently, the fastest approach to control disease transmission is the application of synthetic …

Target site insensitivity resulting from point mutations within the voltage-gated sodium
channel of the insect nervous system is known to be of primary importance in the …