The lignin biosynthetic pathway has been studied for more than a century but has
undergone major revisions over the past decade. Significant progress has been made in …

Lignins are complex natural polymers resulting from oxidative coupling of, primarily, 4-
hydroxyphenylpropanoids. An understanding of their nature is evolving as a result of …

Recalcitrance to saccharification is a major limitation for conversion of lignocellulosic
biomass to ethanol. In stems of transgenic alfalfa lines independently downregulated in …

The expected move towards more sustainable crop-livestock systems implies wider
cultivation of perennial forage legumes. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa) is the main …

The adverse environmental impacts of the fossil fuel and the concerns of energy security
necessitate the development of alternative clean energy sources from renewable …

Lignin, a phenolic polymer in the secondary wall, is the major cause of lignocellulosic
biomass recalcitrance to efficient industrial processing. From an applications perspective, it …

Lignin, one of the most abundant terrestrial biopolymers, is indispensable for plant structure
and defense. With the availability of the full genome sequence, large collections of insertion …

The degradation of plant cell walls by ruminants is of major economic importance in the
developed as well as develo** world. Rumen fermentation is unique in that efficient plant …

The aim of producing sustainable liquid biofuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
remains high on the sustainability agenda, but is challenged by the costs of producing …

Lignins are complex phenylpropanoid polymers mostly associated with plant secondary cell
walls. Lignins arise primarily via oxidative polymerization of the three monolignols, p …