Bees are essential pollinators of many crops and wild plants, and pesticide exposure is one
of the key environmental stressors affecting their health in anthropogenically modified …

Fungicides account for more than 35% of the global pesticide market and their use is
predicted to increase in the future. While fungicides are commonly applied during bloom …

The acute decline in global biodiversity includes not only the loss of rare species, but also
the rapid collapse of common species across many different taxa. The loss of pollinating …

Wild bee populations are declining due to human activities, such as land use change, which
strongly affect the composition and diversity of available plants and food sources. The …

Bumble bees (Bombus) are unusually important pollinators, with approximately 260 wild
species native to all biogeographic regions except sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, and New …

Mounting evidence suggests that climate change, agricultural intensification and disease
are impacting bumblebee health and contributing to species' declines. Identifying how these …

Declines of many bumble bee species have raised concerns because of their importance as
pollinators and potential harbingers of declines among other insect taxa. At present, bumble …

Pollinators underpin global food production, but they are suffering significant declines
across the world. Pesticides are thought to be important drivers of these declines. Herbicides …

Bees are critical for food crop pollination, yet their populations are declining as agricultural
practices intensify. Pollinator-attractive field border plantings (eg hedgerows and forb strips) …

Sustainable agriculture relies on pollinators, and wild bees benefit yield of multiple crops.
However, the combined exposure to pesticides and loss of flower resources, driven by …