Context: COVID-19 was caused by the spread and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at the end
of 2019 until now. The problem comes when antiviral drugs have not yet been found and …

SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans also causes cytokine storm and can lead to patient death,
this condition occurs due to the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by immune …

HIV-1 is a member of the Retrovirus and the virus causes AIDS in humans. AIDS affects the
dynamics of the immune system leading to fatal opportunistic infections. Reverse …

ABSTRACT HPV can trigger cancer cases in the laryngeal, lung, oral, and anogenital.
Classification of HPV based on the ability to trigger cancer, HPV is divided into two types …

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the causes of cervical cancer in women. These
viruses have DNA-type genetic material, are not enveloped, and are divided into two types …

Background Dengue caused by dengue virus (DENV) spreads rapidly around the world.
However, there are no worldwide licensed vaccines or specific antivirals to combat DENV …

Inflammation is a response to the immune system from attack by infectious agents. Its
condition triggered by a phase of dilatation in the blood flow and increased membrane …

Immune response that occurs when a pathogen such as a virus, fungus, bacteria, &
protozoa. Red color due to swelling is a characteristic of inflammation, this condition can …

Objectives Dengue infection is a serious public health problem in several regions of the
world due to the lack of effective and appropriate therapy mainly for severe infection …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from the retrovirus family can trigger
opportunistic diseases of the immune system or AIDS. In these conditions the immune …