Large pre-trained language models for textual data have an unconstrained output space; at
each decoding step, they can produce any of 10,000 s of sub-word tokens. When fine-tuned …

Algebraic effect handlers, introduced by Plotkin and Power in 2002, are recently gaining in
popularity as a purely functional approach to modeling effects. In this article, we give a full …

Heterogeneous specification becomes more and more important because complex systems
are often specified using multiple viewpoints, involving multiple formalisms (see Fig. 1) …

Automated machine learning (AutoML) can make data scientists more productive. But if
machine learning is totally automated, that leaves no room for data scientists to apply their …

Helium is a user-friendly compiler designed especially for learning the functional
programming language Haskell. The quality of the error messages has been the main …

A monadic parser combinator library which guarantees termination of parsing, while still
allowing many forms of left recursion, is described. The library's interface is similar to those …

Automatically transforming programs is hard, yet critical for automated program refactoring,
rewriting, and repair. Multi-language syntax transformation is especially hard due to …

Nail is a tool that greatly reduces the programmer effort for safely parsing and generating
data formats defined by a grammar. Nail introduces several key ideas to achieve its goal …

Expert users of property-based testing often labor to craft random generators that encode
detailed knowledge about what it means for a test input to be valid and interesting …

With Java 5 and C# 2.0, first-order parametric polymorphism was introduced in mainstream
object-oriented programming languages under the name of generics. Although the first …