The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di
Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial …

Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques (NiBS) have gathered substantial interest in the
study of dementia, considered their possible role in help defining diagnostic biomarkers of …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non‐invasive technique that is increasingly
used to study the human brain. One of the principal outcome measures is the motor‐evoked …

Background The prevalence of treatment-resistant geriatric depression (GD) highlights the
need for treatments that preserve cognitive functions and recognize polypharmacy in elderly …

The global number of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) doubles every 5 years. It has
been established that unless an effective treatment for AD is found, the incidence of AD will …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain neurostimulation technique
that can be used as one of the adjunctive treatment techniques for neurological recovery …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently constrained by limited clinical treatment options. The
initial pathophysiological event, which can be traced back to decades before the clinical …

Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation
technique. When stimulation is applied over the primary motor cortex and coupled with …

Parietal-hippocampal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improves cognitive
function in Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, the underlying therapeutic mechanism has …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a pivotal noninvasive technique
for investigating cortical excitability and plasticity across the lifespan, offering valuable …