Given that lands became increasingly expensive for governments to meet open space
standards, there emerged a growing trend towards private sector involvement public open …

Problem statement: The problem of space in the public domain of the city extends beyond
the simplistic definition used as “opposite of private space”. This issue is associated with the …

The persistence of post-COVID shop** centers arguably depends on the urban
experience. However, contemporary shop** morphologies and their preparedness for …

Ensuring publicness and accommodating more diverse human activity in urban public
spaces is necessary. This research analyses the relationship between human activities …

Places are the repository of the human imprints on the landscape and the true
representative of the changes and transformations that took with time, through the channel of …

Social inequity is a global problem that often acutely materialises in cities, where people
with lower incomes have reduced access to open spaces. This article examines how …

Public spaces are spaces that are open to the public, and their publicness denotes the
degree to which the space is inclusive, accessible, and representative of collective interests …

Understanding that the concepts of place and displacement are intrinsically interconnected,
this paper explores cases of displacement out of the public space within their …

The Child-Friendly Cities Initiative was developed nearly 30 years ago to recognize cities for
their work on improving the lives of urban children based on the rights of the child. There is …

More than 250 years ago, Giovanni Battista Nolli, an Italian architect, engineer and
cartographer, was concerned with how and where space is or is not publicly accessible. In …