Seasonal influenza viruses cause recurring global epidemics by continually evolving to
escape host immunity. The viral constraints and host immune responses that limit and drive …

Despite decades of surveillance and pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions,
seasonal influenza viruses continue to cause epidemics around the world each year. The …

Influenza virus infections are a major public health concern and cause significant morbidity
and mortality worldwide. Current influenza virus vaccines are an effective countermeasure …

Continuously evolving influenza viruses cause seasonal epidemics and pose global
pandemic threats. Although viral neuraminidase (NA) is an effective drug and vaccine target …

Influenza virus evolves rapidly to constantly escape from natural immunity. Most humoral
immune responses to influenza virus target the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein, which is …

Neuraminidase of influenza A and B viruses plays a critical role in the virus life cycle and is
an important target of the host immune system. Here, we highlight the current understanding …

Interactions of influenza A virus (IAV) with sialic acid (SIA) receptors determine viral fitness
and host tropism. Binding to mucus decoy receptors and receptors on epithelial host cells is …

Influenza remains a public health threat, partly due to suboptimal effectiveness of vaccines.
One factor impacting vaccine effectiveness is strain mismatch, occurring when vaccines no …

ABSTRACT Influenza A (H3N2) viruses became widespread in humans during the 1968
H3N2 virus pandemic and have been a major cause of influenza epidemics ever since …

Influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S) is one of the most important infectious disease agents of
swine in North America. In addition to the economic burden of IAV-S to the swine industry …