Current mitigation efforts and existing future commitments are inadequate to accomplish the
Paris Agreement temperature goals. In light of this, research and debate are intensifying on …

Solar geoengineering has been proposed as a means to cool the Earth by increasing the
reflection of sunlight back to space, for example, by injecting reflective aerosol particles (or …

ES 6: 3-5 Replace “It is unequivocal that emissions of the well-mixed greenhouse gases
(GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) from human activities …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

The global response to warming of 1.5 oC comprises transitions in land and ecosystem,
energy, urban and infrastructure, and industrial systems. The feasibility of mitigation and …

The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate
destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem …

“Climate Shock could have reasonably been called But Will the People Notice? It'sa
layperson's survey of climate economics, a field that includes cost-benefit analysis and other …

The realization that mitigation efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions have, until now,
been relatively ineffective has led to an increasing interest in climate engineering as a …

As the effects of anthropogenic climate change become more severe, several approaches
for deliberate climate intervention to reduce or stabilize Earth's surface temperature have …

The risks of global warming are pressing and potentially vast. The difficulty of doing without
fossil fuels is daunting, possibly even insurmountable. So there is an urgent need to rethink …