Honeybee declines are a serious threat to global agricultural security and productivity.
Although multiple factors contribute to these declines, parasites are a key driver. Disease …

Highlights•Gaps exist in our knowledge of fungi associated with managed and wild
bees.•Effects of fungal pathogens vary depending on both bee and fungal …

Introduced, managed bees such as mason bees (genus Osmia) can confer significant
pollination benefits to agricultural systems, but a risk of introducing non‐native species into …

Pollen is an essential component of bee diets, and rearing bumble bees (Bombus spp.) for
commercial use necessitates feeding pollen in mass quantities. This pollen is collected from …

Fungal entomopathogens are largely facultative parasites and play an important role in
controlling the density of insect populations in nature. A few species of these fungi have …

Bee declines pose a serious risk to agricultural sustainability, wild plant diversity, and the
commercial bee industry, generating local and global concerns about bee health. Parasites …

Wild and managed bee populations are in decline, and one of many environmental causes
is the impact of pesticides on develo** bees. For solitary bees, delayed larval …

Simple Summary Chalkbrood is a worldwide spread honey bee brood disease caused by
the fungal pathogen Ascosphaera apis. The disease is commonly treated with fungicides …

Biological control agents based on entomopathogenic fungi traditionally contain a single
strain that is efficient under certain biotic and abiotic conditions. Since particularly abiotic …

Communities of free‐living organisms are shaped by processes operating within and among
patches of habitat, whereas pathogen communities are shaped by analogous processes …