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To date, more than 20 different vertebrate master sex-determining genes have been
identified on different sex chromosomes of mammals, birds, frogs and fish. Interestingly, six …

Males and females often differ in their fitness optima for shared traits that have a shared
genetic basis, leading to sexual conflict. Morphologically differentiated sex chromosomes …

Sexual reproduction is a fundamental aspect of life. It is defined by the occurrence of meiosis
and the fusion of two gametes of different sexes or mating types. Sex-determination …

Hundreds of land plant lineages have independently evolved separate sexes in either
gametophytes (dioicy) or sporophytes (dioecy), but 43% of all dioecious angiosperms are …

Contrary to classic theory prediction, sex-chromosome homomorphy is prevalent in the
animal kingdom but it is unclear how ancient homomorphic sex chromosomes avoid …

Animal sex chromosomes typically carry the upstream sex-determining gene that triggers
testis or ovary development and, in some species, are regulated by global dosage …

All salmonid species investigated to date have been characterized with a male
heterogametic sex‐determination system. However, as these species do not share any Y …

Sex chromosomes have evolved many times in animals and studying these replicate
evolutionary “experiments” can help broaden our understanding of the general forces …

Sex chromosomes can evolve once recombination is halted between a homologous pair of
chromosomes. Owing to detailed studies using key model systems, we have a nuanced …