Traditional surgical outcome measures include minor and major complications, hospital
length of stay and sometimes longer‐term survival. Each of these is important but there …

Clinical prediction models in anesthesia and surgery research have many clinical
applications including preoperative risk stratification with implications for clinical utility in …

Background Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols reduce length of stay,
complications and costs for a large number of elective surgical procedures. A similar …

Background older patients aged≥ 65 years constitute the majority of the National
Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) population. To better understand this group and …

Background Studies across healthcare systems have demonstrated between-hospital
variation in survival after an emergency laparotomy. We postulate that this variation can be …

Background Days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) is a composite, patient-centred outcome
measure describing a patient's postoperative recovery, encompassing hospitalisation and …

Many countries are facing an aging population. As people live longer, surgeons face the
prospect of operating on increasingly older patients. Traditional teaching is that with older …

Background Laparoscopy has been widely adopted in elective abdominal surgery but is still
sparsely used in emergency settings. The study investigated the effect of laparoscopic …

The purpose of the research is to identify the concepts related to green auditing because of
the great importance of the environment in which we live. By producing a commodity or …

The probability of death after emergency laparotomy varies greatly between patients.
Accurate pre‐operative risk prediction is fundamental to planning care and improving …