Electric vehicle technology is promising to reduce both the costs and environmental impact
of logistics operations. Consequently, much research is being carried out in this field. On the …

In the two-echelon vehicle routing problem (2E-VRP), the distribution network is split into two
echelons. Different vehicles are operated on the first and second echelon to maintain …

The scheduling of deliveries and the routing of vehicles are of great importance for supply
chain operations, as both determine to a great extent the distribution costs, as well as …

As energy overuse and generated pollution have a potential threat to our environmental and
ecological conditions, many researchers have taken the initiative way to join the green …

In order to ensure high‐quality and on‐time delivery in logistic distribution processes, it is
necessary to efficiently manage the delivery fleet. Nowadays, due to the new policies and …

E-commerce-related last-mile logistics have a great impact on cities. Recent years have
seen sustained growth in e-commerce in most developed countries, a trend that has only …

Transportation planning has been established as a key topic in the literature and social
production practices. An increasing number of researchers are studying vehicle routing …

Coincident with the rapid growth of omni-channel retailing, growing urbanization, changing
consumer behavior, and increasing focus on sustainability, academic interest in the area of …

Over the past decade, electric vehicles (EVs) have been considered in a growing number of
models and methods for vehicle routing problems (VRPs). This study presents a …

Abstract In the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (EVRPTW) the vehicles
have a limited driving range and must recharge their battery at some points on their route …