Engineering vaccine-based therapeutics for infectious diseases is highly challenging, as
trial formulations are often found to be nonspecific, ineffective, thermally or hydrolytically …

Short-chain fatty acids are known modulators of host–microbe interactions and can affect
human health, inflammation, and outcomes of microbial infections. Acetate is the most …

Recombination-mediated genetic engineering, also known as recombineering, is the
genomic incorporation of homologous single-stranded or double-stranded DNA into …

Since the emergence of the biopharmaceutical industry in the 1980's, Escherichia coli, has
played an important role in the industrial production of recombinant proteins and plasmid …

Acetate is ubiquitously found in natural environments. Its availability in the gut is high as a
result of the fermentation of nutrients, and although it is rapidly absorbed by intestinal …

Almost 40 years ago the first transgenic plant was generated through Agrobacterium
tumefaciens-mediated transformation, which, until now, remains the method of choice for …

Phenotypic heterogeneity is a major issue in the context of industrial bioprocessing.
Stochasticity of gene expression is usually considered to be the main source of …

Plasmids are key vehicles of horizontal gene transfer (HGT), mobilizing antibiotic resistance,
virulence, and other traits among bacterial populations. The environmental and genetic …

Site‐specific incorporation of non‐standard amino acids (NSAAs) into proteins opens the
way to novel biological insights and applications in biotechnology. Here, we describe the …

Highlights•The mRNA-based vaccines are tunable quality-by-design immunotherapy
modalities for different diseases.•Self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA) vaccines, a kind of mRNA …