The microenvironment (local environment), including viscosity, temperature, polarity,
hypoxia, and acidic-basic status (pH), plays indispensable roles in cellular processes …

Viscosity, as a vital microenvironment parameter, is tightly associated with multitudinous
cellular processes and diseases. Recently, precise visualization of viscosity has started to …

The viscosity and crowding of biological environment are considered vital for the correct
cellular function, and alterations in these parameters are known to underly a number of …

Flipper probes have been introduced as small molecule fluorophores to image physical
forces, that is, membrane tension in living systems. Their emergence over one decade is …

Over the last few years, the development of fluorescent probes has received considerable
attention. Fluorescence signaling allows noninvasive and harmless real-time imaging with …

Progress with fluorescent flippers, small-molecule probes to image membrane tension in
living systems, has been limited by the effort needed to synthesize the twisted push–pull …

HydroFlippers are introduced as the first fluorescent membrane tension probes that report
simultaneously on membrane compression and hydration. The probe design is centered …

ABSTRACT A major focus of current biological studies is to fill the knowledge gaps between
cell, tissue and organism scales. To this end, a wide array of contemporary optical analytical …

Lipid peroxidation is a process which is key in cell signaling and disease, it is exploited in
cancer therapy in the form of photodynamic therapy. The appearance of hydrophilic moieties …

Aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and poor photostability in aqueous media are two
common problems for organic fluorescence dyes which cause a dramatic loss of …