Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a frequent and disabling neurodegenerative disorder, in which
astrocytes participate in several pathophysiological processes including neuroinflammation …

The tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes both cellular and non-cellular elements,
is now recognized as one of the major regulators of the development of primary tumors, the …

Depression is a common mental disorder, the effective treatment of which remains a
challenging issue worldwide. The clinical pathogenesis of depression has been deeply …

The endothelium layer lining the inner surface of blood vessels serves relevant
physiological functions in all body systems, including the exchanges between blood and …

In recent times, there has been a significant increase in researchers' interest in the functions
of microRNAs and the role of these molecules in the pathogenesis of many multifactorial …

Cerebral ischemia is a devastating condition that results in impaired blood flow in the brain
leading to acute brain injury. As the most common form of stroke, occlusion of cerebral …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a fundamental structure that protects the composition of the
brain by determining which ions, metabolites, and nutrients are allowed to enter the brain …

Brain tumors represent the leading cause of disease-related mortality and morbidity in
children, with effective treatments urgently required. One factor limiting the effectiveness of …

As we know, with continuous medical progress, the treatment of many diseases can be
conducted via surgery, which often relies on general anaesthesia for its satisfactory …