Autonomous robots comprise actuation, energy, sensory and control systems built from
materials and structures that are not necessarily designed and integrated for …

3D printing (also called “additive manufacturing” or “rapid prototy**”) is able to translate
computer-aided and designed virtual 3D models into 3D tangible constructs/objects through …

Swimming microrobots guided in the circulation system offer considerable promise in
precision medicine but currently suffer from problems such as limited adhesion to blood …

Swarming micro/nanorobots offer great promise in performing targeted delivery inside
diverse hard-to-reach environments. However, swarm navigation in dynamic environments …

The intricate and delicate anatomy of the brain poses significant challenges for the treatment
of cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, precise local drug delivery in …

Microrobots that can be precisely guided to target lesions have been studied for in vivo
medical applications. However, existing microrobots have challenges in vivo such as …

Progress in optical manipulation has stimulated remarkable advances in a wide range of
fields, including materials science, robotics, medical engineering, and nanotechnology. This …

Untethered small-scale robots offer great promise for medical applications in complex
biological environments. However, challenges remain in the control and medical imaging of …

Worldwide research in microrobotics has exploded in the past two decades, leading to the
development of microrobots propelled in various manners. Despite significant advances in …

Due to their small sizes, microrobots are advantageous for accessing hard-to-reach spaces
for delivery and measurement. However, their small sizes also bring challenges in on-board …