Cytokines produced by immune cells contribute to the development and perpetuation of
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, by …

Abstract Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-23 (IL-23), which belong to the IL-12 family of
cytokines, have a key role in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation and are implicated in …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) specifically affects the colon and rectum through multifactorial
mechanisms associated with genetic alterations, environmental factors, microbiota, and …

The human gut microbiome is a huge microbial community that plays an irreplaceable role
in human life. With the further development of research, the influence of intestinal flora on …

Autoimmune diseases are a result of the immune system being misdirected toward its host
and have major and increasing unmet clinical needs. In general, present therapies are …

Pathways controlling intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death regulate gut immune homeostasis
and contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Here, we show that …

At mucosal surfaces, epithelial cells provide a structural barrier and an immune defense
system. However, dysregulated epithelial responses can contribute to disease states. Here …

Background & Aims The efficacy and safety of ritlecitinib (oral JAK3/TEC family kinase
inhibitor) and brepocitinib (oral TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor) as induction therapy were assessed in …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a lifelong inflammatory immune mediated disorder,
encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC); however, the cause and …

Interleukin (IL)-23, an IL-12 cytokine family member, is a hierarchically dominant regulatory
cytokine in a cluster of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), including psoriasis …