The outer body surface of animals is complex and appears in a variety of forms from moist or
slimy, dry, soft, and leathery to hard, horny, or bony. The skin is often equipped with devices …

Although touch is one of the most neglected modalities of communication, several lines of
research bear on the important communicative functions served by the modality. The authors …

The concept of dominance has contributed greatly to our understanding of social structure in
animals. Over the past three decades, however, a variety of concepts and definitions of …

Despite the depiction of nature" red in tooth and claw", cooperation is actually widespread in
the animal kingdom. Various types of cooperative behaviors have been documented in …

The scientific study of networks-computer, social, and biological-has received an enormous
amount of interest in recent years. However, the network approach has been applied to the …

Those who have been privileged to watch baboons long enough to know them as
individuals and who have learned to interpret some of their more subtle interactions will …

In the last decade, a wealth of data on human and non-human societies contain a hidden
challenge to existing ideas about the nature of society and the social link. The ambiguities …

Evidence is presented that the reciprocal exchange of social services among chimpanzees
(Pan troglodytes) rests on cognitive abilities that allow current behavior to be contingent …

Reciprocal altruism refers to the exchange of beneficial acts between individuals, in which
the benefits to the recipient exceed the cost to the altruist. Theory predicts that cooperation …

The concept of dominance is used in the behavioral and biological sciences to describe
outcomes in a variety of competitive interactions. In some taxa, a history of agonistic …