Neurotransmitters serve as chemical messengers playing a crucial role in information
processing throughout the nervous system, and are essential for healthy physiological and …

Caffeine occurs naturally in various foods, such as coffee, tea, and cocoa, and it has been
used safely as a mild stimulant for a long time. However, excessive caffeine consumption …

Paralysis occurring in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) results from denervation of
skeletal muscle as a consequence of motor neuron degeneration. Interactions between …

Sensors based on colorimetry, fluorescence, and electrochemistry have been widely
employed to detect acetylcholinesterase and its inhibitors, however, there are only a minority …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease and the
proteins and pathways involved in the pathophysiology are not fully understood. Even less is …

Neuroinflammation is a recognized pathogenic mechanism underlying motor neuron
degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the inflammatory mechanisms …

Neuromuscular junction assembly and plasticity during embryonic, postnatal, and adult life
are tightly regulated by the continuous cross-talk among motor nerve endings, muscle fibers …

Distal axonopathy is a recognized pathological feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS). In the peripheral nerves of ALS patients, motor axon loss elicits a Wallerian‐like …

Sarcopenia, or age-related decline in muscle form and function, exerts high personal,
societal, and economic burdens when untreated. Integrity and function of the neuromuscular …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and progressive neurodegenerative disease
affecting upper and lower motor neurons with no cure available. Clinical and animal studies …