Small-scale gap disturbance in forests is reviewed. Caused by the death of individual or
multiple trees with subsequent fall from the canopy, gaps have been extensively studied in …

Wood-decaying fungi are essential for the functioning of forest ecosystems. They provide
habitat for many other organisms and enable the regeneration of forests throughout the …

What determines the number and size of the seeds produced by a plant? How often should it
reproduce them? How often should a plant produce them? Why and how are seeds …

Matorral desértico 3. Matorral desértico tropical interior de Atriplex atacamensis y Tessaria
absinthioides 4. Matorral desértico tropical interior de Malesherbia auristipulata y Tarasa …

Better understanding of the functional biology of early angiosperms may clarify ecological
factors surrounding their origin and early radiation. Phylogenetic studies identify Amborella …

Coarse woody residues (snags and logs) are a massive and functionally important
component of high-latitude forest ecosystems, both natural and managed. Decaying logs …

The effects of altitude and seed size on germination and seedling survival were studied in
Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea and Erica vagans. Experiments were carried out in the …

Summary 1 Species‐specific responses to the range of microsites resulting from canopy gap
formation may contribute to coexistence in tropical forests. We investigated the effects of four …

1 We studied the importance of fallen logs as recruitment sites for tree species, their role in
species coexistence, and also the influence of canopy openness and litter depth on tree …

We measured the effect of a typical soil-feeding termite on soil quality using experimental
mesocosms. We obtained soil from five different sites in the humid forest zone of southern …