Long-term depression (LTD) in the CNS has been the subject of intense investigation as a
process that may be involved in learning and memory and in various pathological …

Axons are generally considered as reliable transmission cables in which stable propagation
occurs once an action potential is generated. Axon dysfunction occupies a central position in …

The introduction of high-resolution time lapse imaging and molecular biological tools has
changed dramatically the rate of progress towards the understanding of the complex …

Recent studies have provided long-sought evidence that behavioural learning involves
specific synapse gain and elimination processes, which lead to memory traces that influence …

Subsynaptic structures such as bouton, active zone, postsynaptic density (PSD) and
dendritic spine, are highly correlated in their dimensions and also correlate with synapse …

Many excitatory synapses express Group 1, or Gq coupled, metabotropic glutamate
receptors (Gp1 mGluRs) at the periphery of their postsynaptic density. Activation of Gp1 …

Synaptic pruning is a fundamental process of neuronal circuit refinement in learning and
memory. Accumulating evidence suggests that glia participates in sculpting the neuronal …

Neurotrophins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are expressed in the
hippocampus, as well as their precursors, the pro-neurotrophins. The neurotrophins signal …

Synaptic plasticity confers environmental adaptability through modification of the
connectivity between neurons and neuronal circuits. This is achieved through changes to …

The synapse has emerged as a critical neuronal structure in the degenerative process of
Alzheimer disease (AD), in which the pathogenic signals of two key players—amyloid-β (Aβ) …