Background Marine species can demonstrate strong genetic differentiation and population
structure despite the hypothesis of open seas and high connectivity. Some suggested …

Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

Abstract Biotic Immigration Events (BIMEs) record the large-scale dispersal of taxa from one
biogeographic area to another and have significantly impacted biodiversity throughout …

Potential for, and limits to, adaptation to environmental changes are critical for resilience and
risk mitigation. The Mediterranean basin is a mosaic of biodiversity‐rich ecosystems long …

Gene flow governs the contemporary spatial structure and dynamic of populations as well as
their long-term evolution. For species that disperse using atmospheric or oceanic flows …

Abstract Western Boundary Currents (WBCs) are important for the oceanic transport of heat,
dissolved gases and nutrients. They can affect regional climate and strongly influence the …

Southern Ocean ecosystems are globally important. Processes in the Antarctic atmosphere,
cryosphere, and the Southern Ocean directly influence global atmospheric and oceanic …

Connectivity between coral reefs is critical to ensure their resilience and persistence against
disturbances. It is driven by ocean currents, which often have very complex patterns within …

Over the last two decades the complex network paradigm has proven to be a fruitful tool for
the investigation of complex systems in many areas of science; for example, the Internet …

Network ecology provides a systems basis for approaching ecological questions, such as
factors that influence biological diversity, the role of particular species or particular traits in …