One of the most contentious areas of Earth Science today is when, or whether or not modern-
style plate tectonics was in operation in the Archean Eon. In this review we present evidence …

If we accept that a critical condition for plate tectonics is the creation and maintenance of a
global network of narrow boundaries separating multiple plates, then to argue for plate …

Phosphorus (P) is critical to modern biochemical functions and can control ecosystem
growth. It was presumably important as a reagent in prebiotic chemistry. However, on the …

When and how Earth's earliest continents—the cratons—first emerged above the oceans (ie,
emersion) remain uncertain. Here, we analyze a craton-wide record of Paleo-to …

Reconstructing Earth history during the Hadean defies the traditional rock-based approach
in geology. Given the extremely limited locality of Hadean zircons, some indirect approach …

Silicate weathering is critical to global carbon cycle and climate change, and has attracted
considerable attention in Earth science studies. Chemical weathering intensity evaluation …

The water content in Earth's mantle today remains poorly constrained, but the bulk water
storage capacity in the solid mantle can be quantified based on experimental data and may …

Ophiolitic podiform chromitites from Phanerozoic orogens have been shown to preserve a
wealth of textures and inclusions that, in some way, trace earlier episodes of subduction and …

In this study, Pb isotopic composition of bulk sediments and 1 M HCl leachates/residues of
samples from the Four Rivers' inlets to Dongting Lake (China) was determined to identify …

The nature of emerged continents through time is highly debated. Several studies relying on
trace element data concluded that the Archaean crust was predominantly mafic, while Ti …