Phosphorus (P) is critical to modern biochemical functions and can control ecosystem
growth. It was presumably important as a reagent in prebiotic chemistry. However, on the …

If we accept that a critical condition for plate tectonics is the creation and maintenance of a
global network of narrow boundaries separating multiple plates, then to argue for plate …

One of the most contentious areas of Earth Science today is when, or whether or not modern-
style plate tectonics was in operation in the Archean Eon. In this review we present evidence …

Reconstructing Earth history during the Hadean defies the traditional rock-based approach
in geology. Given the extremely limited locality of Hadean zircons, some indirect approach …

Silicate weathering is critical to global carbon cycle and climate change, and has attracted
considerable attention in Earth science studies. Chemical weathering intensity evaluation …

When and how Earth's earliest continents—the cratons—first emerged above the oceans (ie,
emersion) remain uncertain. Here, we analyze a craton-wide record of Paleo-to …

The release of phosphorus (P) from crustal rocks during weathering plays a key role in
determining the size of Earth's biosphere, yet the concentration of P in crustal rocks over …

The water content in Earth's mantle today remains poorly constrained, but the bulk water
storage capacity in the solid mantle can be quantified based on experimental data and may …

The process that generated the continental crust has long been debated. One school argues
that, through most of geological time, the crust formed at convergent margins like most …

The transition from mafic to felsic upper continental crust (UCC) is crucial to habitability of
Earth, and may be related to the onset of plate tectonics. Thus, defining when this crustal …