The human history has witnessed the rapid development of technologies such as high-
throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry that led to the concept of “omics” and …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset
of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and ALDH. Their …

An average shotgun proteomics experiment detects approximately 10,000 human proteins
from a single sample. However, individual proteins are typically identified by peptide …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered as the most hazardous subtype of
breast cancer owing to its accelerated progression, enormous metastatic potential, and …

Metastasis is a major contributor to cancer-associated deaths. It is characterized by a
multistep process that occurs through the acquisition of molecular and phenotypic changes …

Subcellular localization of RNAs has gained attention in recent years as a prevalent
phenomenon that influences numerous cellular processes. This is also evident for the large …

The human and mouse genomes contain instructions that specify RNAs and proteins and
govern the timing, magnitude, and cellular context of their production. To better delineate …

Human diseases have been a critical threat from the beginning of human history. Knowing
the origin, course of action and treatment of any disease state is essential. A microscopic …

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is the loss of normal ovarian function before the age of
40 years, a condition that affects approximately 1% of women under 40 years old and 0.1 …

DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms to regulate gene
expression, which is highly dynamic during development and specifically maintained in …