The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future
technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their …

Topology optimization is a computational tool that can be used for the systematic design of
photonic crystals, waveguides, resonators, filters and plasmonics. The method was originally …

The current research into solitons and their use in fiber optic communications is very
important to the future of communications. Since the advent of computer networking and …

The reversible phase transition in vanadium dioxide (VO 2) with light, heat, electric,
magnetic, and mechanical stimuli is the enabling concept to function as a smart material. It is …

In a world that is as colorful as ours, it is not surprising to find that colors produced in nature
by a variety of creatures have attracted the attention of scientific giants such as Newton …

Ultrafast all‐optical switching, possessing the unique function of light controlling light, is an
essential component of on‐chip ultrafast optical connection networks as well as integrated …

Since the advent of quantum mechanics and the clear demonstration of the existence
of'matter waves', physicists have never failed to take advantage of concepts and theoretical …

We derive an exact expression for the electromagnetic mode density, and hence the group
velocity, for a finite, N-period, one-dimensional, photonic band-gap structure. We begin by …

Periodic nanostructures in photonics facilitate a far-reaching control of light propagation and
light–matter interaction. This article reviews the current status of this subject, including both …

Solar light is widely recognized as one of the most valuable renewable energy sources for
the future. However, the development of solar‐energy technologies is severely hindered by …