Using embryological data from 14 mammalian orders, the hypothesis is presented that in
placental mammals, epiblast cavitation and polar trophoblast loss are alternative …

Strategies for harnessing stem cells as a source to treat cell loss in heart disease are the
subject of intense research. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be expanded …

Human embryonic stem cells and mouse epiblast stem cells represent a primed pluripotent
stem cell state that requires TGF-β/activin signaling. TGF-β and/or activin are commonly …

The transcriptional effector SMAD4 is a core component of the TGF-β family signaling
pathways. However, its role in vertebrate embryo development remains unresolved. To …

The essential roles played by Nodal and Bmp signalling during early mouse development
have been extensively documented. Here we use conditional deletion strategies to …

Type II germ cell cancers (GCC) can be subdivided into seminomas and non-seminomas.
Seminomas are similar to carcinoma in situ (CIS) cells, the common precursor of type II …

The polar trophoblast overlays the epiblast in eutherian mammals and, depending on the
species, has one of two different fates. It either remains a single-layered, thinning epithelium …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family ligands play crucial roles in orchestrating early
embryonic development. Most significantly, two family members, NODAL and BMP form …

In vitro recapitulation of mammalian embryogenesis and examination of the emerging
behaviours of embryonic structures require both the means to engineer complexity and …

The first obvious sign of bilateral symmetry in mammalian and avian embryos is the
appearance of the primitive streak in the future posterior region of a radially symmetric disc …